Rethink Your Understanding

Transforming Software Delivery

Value Stream Management

Breaking Free from the Build Trap: Delivering Meaningful Outcomes

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10 min read

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This article is the final part of a series on linking software engineering to business success. If you missed the earlier articles, start here.

This Article at a Glance

This article explores how engineering teams can escape the “build trap” and move beyond a feature factory mindset by focusing on outcomes instead of outputs. It highlights the pitfalls of the build trap, the value of starting with outcomes, fostering accountability and alignment, and ensuring successful delivery. Aimed at technology leaders, Product Managers, and teams, it challenges them to adopt a mindset centered on meaningful outcomes—driving engagement, alignment, and impactful business results.

From Speed to Meaningful Value

Picture this: you’re leading a team of talented developers, launching features rapidly, but customer satisfaction isn’t improving, and the business impact is unclear. This happens when teams focus too much on output, a common issue in traditional project-based management. Switching to a product operating model and applying Value Stream Management can break this cycle. These approaches focus on outcomes instead of outputs, ensuring every effort is tied to measurable business value.

As a senior technology leader, I’ve been there. Early in my career, I focused on operational efficiency and rapid feedback, confident that speed and volume would drive success. But I learned the hard way: speed alone doesn’t guarantee value.

This realization highlighted a critical gap—the need for realization. Efficiently delivering work is only part of the puzzle; the priority must be ensuring that every effort contributes meaningful outcomes for both customers and the business.

To close this gap, I began asking:

  • What outcomes do we expect, how will we measure success, and what can we learn from the results?

By adopting value stream management (VSM) and objectives and key results (OKRs), we created a clear link between work and impact. VSM revealed how work flows through teams and where value is created, while OKRs provided a framework for aligning team goals with organizational priorities.

Escaping the build trap isn’t just about faster delivery—it’s about rethinking success. When efforts are tied to measurable results, teams and leaders work with clarity, purpose, and trust, transforming delivery into meaningful value for the business and its customers.

Defining Outcomes at Every Level

Anticipated Outcomes for Epics

In Agile software development, an epic is a large, high-level body of work representing a significant feature or functionality too extensive for a single sprint. Defining anticipated outcomes for each epic clarifies the value being delivered, the behavior being changed, and how success will be measured. This approach helps teams set Key Results that align with organizational goals and create team-level OKRs within their focus areas.

Questions to define epic outcomes:

  1. What problem are we solving, what behavior are we changing, or what opportunity are we addressing?
  2. What results do we expect, and how will we measure them?
  3. What metrics will define success?
  4. How will we close the loop by learning from actual outcomes?

Example: An epic aimed at improving onboarding might define success metrics like:

  • Increasing customer retention by 10% within 30 days.
  • Reducing onboarding-related support tickets by 15%.
  • Receiving positive feedback from customer satisfaction surveys.

By defining these outcomes, teams can create Key Results that align with broader organizational objectives, ensuring their efforts directly support larger goals.

Outcomes-Driven Iterations

Epics provide the overarching product change or improvement, while sprints should center on value-driven outcomes, not merely task completion. Traditionally, sprints have prioritized finishing backlog tasks. However, by integrating Value Stream Management with a product operating model, the focus shifts toward delivering meaningful value. Instead of measuring success by completed tasks, sprints are now about achieving impactful results aligned with value streams. This approach ensures that every iteration targets tangible customer and business results.

Teams should define sprint goals based on outcomes, not tasks.

Example: “Enhance system performance by improving response times by 5%” (outcome) versus “Complete three refactoring tickets” (task).

This mindset shifts how teams view their work:

  1. Collaboration over individual output: Team members who finish early should check if the sprint goal has been met and help others achieve it.
  2. Focus on shared success: Success is measured by achieving the outcome, not individual task completion.

When iteration goals align with epic outcomes, teams focus on delivering meaningful value at every level of work.

OKRs, focus on organization alignment

OKRs are essential for helping teams break free from the build trap by connecting their efforts to impactful outcomes. By focusing on work (features, technical debt, defects, and risks) within the team’s scope or control, OKRs align the team’s work with customer needs and organizational objectives. This alignment transforms sprints, epics, and initiatives from mere tasks into measurable milestones that drive meaningful business results.

OKRs bridge the gap between your team’s efforts and the outcomes that truly matter, encouraging a focus on value rather than speed. This mindset shift fosters intentional work and delivers impactful results.

To develop a team-level OKR from a parent key result, you can use a method known as explicit alignment or cascading. This process transforms a higher-level key result into a focused objective for your team, ensuring clear alignment and purpose. Here’s an effective way to approach it:

  1. Define your desired outcome and ensure it aligns with a relevant Parent Key Result:
    Begin by reviewing the overarching OKRs at the company or department level. Identify a key result that aligns with your team’s responsibilities and can be directly influenced within your team’s scope.
  2. Transform the Key Result into an Objective:
    Reframe the parent key result as a clear objective for your team (the expected outcome). This objective will serve as the central focus of their efforts.
  3. Develop Supporting Key Results:
    Create 3-5 key results to help your team achieve this new objective. These should be specific, measurable, and aligned with the overall goal or outcome.
  4. Ensure Alignment:
    Make sure your team’s OKRs align with and support the higher-level objective they are based on. Set clear targets for each key result by defining what success looks like for your team about the parent key result. This will help keep your team focused and guide their efforts toward achieving the desired outcome.

Note: Escaping the build trap requires more than focusing on outcomes—it demands a structural shift to a product operating model. By aligning teams with specific products and value streams, organizations create an environment where teams are not just delivering features but owning the evolution of outcomes over time. This model encourages accountability and allows teams to iteratively refine their work, fostering alignment with customer needs and organizational goals. It also reduces handoffs and inefficiencies, enabling teams to focus on continuous delivery and improvement.

Accountability and Team Alignment

The Role of Product Managers

A strong product team is defined by the trust and partnership between engineers and their Product Manager—someone engineers would confidently “go to bat for.” To build this trust, Product Managers must prioritize technical debt, risks, and defects alongside new features, acknowledging their critical role in delivering a high-quality product.

Product Managers must also actively engage as part of the team. Their role involves:

  • Collaborating on priorities.
  • Participating in discussions.
  • Supporting the shared goal of delivering value to customers.

Ownership

Every outcome or team-level OKR needs a clear owner—someone who is accountable for defining, prioritizing, and ensuring its achievement. In Agile teams, this often means Product Managers own the outcomes tied to customer-facing features, while technical leads take responsibility for outcomes related to technical debt, scalability, or system performance. For example:

  • A Product Manager might own the outcome of increasing user retention by 10% through a new onboarding feature, ensuring the team understands the goal and tracks metrics like retention or onboarding completion rates.
  • A Technical Lead might own the outcome of reducing downtime by 15% by addressing key infrastructure improvements, ensuring technical debt is addressed in a way that aligns with broader organizational goals.

Ownership ensures clarity and accountability, preventing outcomes from falling through the cracks or becoming vague aspirations. The owner is also responsible for closing the loop—documenting the actual outcomes, sharing them with stakeholders, and reflecting on whether the actual outcomes were achieved.

Prioritizing by Anticipated Outcome or Impact

There’s always more work than resources. Your team is limited by the people you There’s always more work than resources. Your team is limited by the people you have and the time available. Capacity limits make it essential to prioritize based on outcomes. When new tasks arise, check if they align with your current objectives or OKRs. Don’t hesitate to push back if they don’t contribute to key objectives. Ask yourself:

  • Does this work align with our top priorities? If not, why should it take precedence?
  • What will we remove or deprioritize to maintain focus if we take on this work?
  • How does this impact our ability to achieve current targets and objectives?

When new work aligns with your objectives or introduces a higher-priority goal, something else must be deprioritized to make room. Collaborate as a team to identify and remove the lowest-priority work and communicate the updated goals or OKRs.

Prioritizing work based on anticipated return on investment (ROI) and anticipated outcomes ensures that engineering efforts focus on initiatives with the greatest potential for business impact. This approach balances short-term needs with long-term value creation, guiding teams to deliver meaningful results.

By recognizing capacity constraints and ensuring all stakeholders understand new requests’ significance and expected impact, teams can align their efforts with expected outcomes and ROI. This approach fosters collaboration, accountability, and a shared commitment to purposeful progress among Product Managers, engineers, and stakeholders.

Aligning Incentives

Teams must recognize the tensions created by differing role incentives:

  • Product Managers are often rewarded for growth and feature delivery.
  • Engineers focus on quality, performance, and resilience.

These priorities can clash, but alignment is achievable when both roles focus on shared outcomes. Product Managers who treat technical debt, quality, and security as essential aspects of the product—not competing concerns—foster trust and collaboration within their teams.

Great engineers go beyond technical skills—they understand the product and its goals. They ask thoughtful questions to ensure their work meets customer and business needs. This understanding helps them propose pragmatic solutions, such as quickly delivering 80% of the value while planning to address the remaining 20% later. By balancing speed and quality, engineers with a product mindset help their teams avoid becoming a “feature factory” that builds without considering impact or value.

When teams hold all members—particularly Product Managers responsible for features—accountable for defining outcomes, measuring success, and closing the feedback loop, they achieve greater clarity and alignment. This accountability drives purposeful work, encourages shared ownership, and links meaningful outcomes directly to business goals.es, measuring success, and closing the feedback loop, they achieve greater clarity and alignment. This accountability drives purposeful work, encourages shared ownership, and links meaningful outcomes directly to business goals.

Closing the Loop

I am a huge fan of “closing the loop” or sharing the outcome of the team’s efforts with the team and organization. Success isn’t just about finishing tasks; it’s about creating meaningful results. Instead of focusing on whether something is “done,” the impact measures real success: Did our work lead to an apparent, positive, and measurable change in customer behavior? Closing the loop is a key part of this process, and Product Managers and technical leads need to prioritize it to achieve lasting outcomes.

Although it may take weeks, months, or longer to receive the data or feedback, documenting the actual outcomes—whether in the Epic, OKRs, or both—is essential to show how the team performed. Metrics like customer engagement, retention, or efficiency gains help determine if the work delivered its intended value. For instance, if a new feature was meant to reduce churn, tracking churn rate, customer feedback, or increased product usage can confirm if the goal was met. Without this step, teams lose an essential chance to learn from their work. It shows how well the team met its objectives, helps improve future decisions, and ensures continuous growth.

Incorporating “closing the loop” into workflows helps Product Managers and technical leads gain actionable insights from every project. It ensures teams receive feedback on their work, promoting accountability, alignment, and constructive improvement. This approach keeps the focus on achieving clear outcomes and measurable success.

From Delivery to Realization

We’re enhancing team performance and operational efficiency by adopting a Product Operating Model and incorporating Value Stream Management (VSM) and Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) into our processes. Unlike projects with a defined end date, products follow a lifecycle—we’re not finished until the product is retired. This approach allows us to align teams to products and continuously deliver updates and improvements throughout a product’s lifecycle.

Value Stream Management (VSM) enables us to visualize the entire flow of value delivery, helping us identify and address bottlenecks and inefficiencies. Meanwhile, OKRs provide a structured framework for setting and tracking team goals, ensuring alignment with the organization’s broader strategic objectives. Together, these tools drive focus, clarity, and measurable progress in delivering value to our customers.

Integrating these practices is transforming our culture. Success is no longer measured by speed or output alone—it’s defined by the value delivered. These practices empower teams to recognize their impact, align with shared goals, and clearly demonstrate how their efforts drive business performance.

Lead With Outcomes

The time for teams to focus on both delivery and realization is now.

Steps to transform your teams:

  1. Define outcomes first: Start every epic, sprint, and initiative with clear, measurable outcomes.
  2. Hold teams accountable: Ensure product managers and engineers align with outcomes, not just output.
  3. Close the loop: Measure actual results, share insights with the team, and learn from every outcome through retrospectives.

When teams align on outcomes and focus on delivering impactful value, they move beyond simply following orders. They gain clarity on their purpose and unlock their full potential. We can create products that provide meaningful customer value while demonstrating clear contributions to organizational success.

Let’s lead with expected outcomes and break free from the build trap—together.

Series Summary

  1. Profitable Engineering: Linking Software Engineering to Business Results

Related Posts: Metrics and Team Efficiency

Poking Holes

I invite your perspective on my posts. What are your thoughts?.

Let’s talk: [email protected]

Transforming Engineering: From Cost Center to Strategic Partner

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7 min read

This article is the second in a three-part series exploring how software engineering can deliver measurable business value. If you missed the first article, start here.

A Leadership Epiphany

At the end of 2024, I reached a key moment in my career, reflecting on almost 30 years in technology leadership. In December, I published an article titled Crossroads: 2024 Reflections on Leadership, Legacy, and Modern Practices. The article explores my experiences with digital transformation, how leadership has evolved, and the changing role of technology in organizations.

The article covered key moments in my career, including my shift from improving engineering efficiency to focusing on delivering outcomes. It shared lessons I’ve learned about balancing workflow with value and the importance of aligning engineering efforts with organizational goals.

This article builds on those reflections, incorporating feedback and self-assessment to share the lessons I’ve learned and the changes I’ve made. It focuses on one key piece of feedback that changed how I approach leadership. My organization enrolled me and other senior leaders in a coaching program called The Extraordinary Leader. The program offered me a comprehensive 360-degree leadership assessment, which was both insightful and humbling. The results affirmed my commitment to a people-first leadership approach and my effort to develop my style. However, one piece of feedback stood out above the rest: “You should focus more on driving business results.”

At first, the feedback stung. We had spent years spearheading digital transformation initiatives—adopting Agile, DevOps, and Value Stream Management (VSM)—to improve operational efficiency, agility, and speed to market. These efforts enabled us to scale from $10 million to $110 million in revenue. Yet, it became clear that while our technology work was essential, we hadn’t effectively communicated its impact on the organization’s bottom line. My sales, marketing, and product peers had explicit metrics like revenue targets and customer growth, but engineering lacked a direct narrative linking its efforts to these outcomes.

We adopted Value Stream Management to bridge this gap and transitioned to a product operating model. VSM provided clear visibility into engineering workflows, from ideation to delivering measurable value, while the product operating model aligned teams with specific products or value streams. This shift empowered teams to understand the customer and business needs they support, iteratively improving outcomes over the product lifecycle. By focusing on products rather than temporary projects, teams developed subject matter expertise, drove innovation, and wholly owned their results, transforming engineering from a cost center into a strategic partner.

This realization led to a profound reflection on my leadership approach. While I had focused heavily on flow—ensuring work moved efficiently from idea to delivery—I hadn’t emphasized value realization: the tangible business impact of our efforts. This gap became a call to action: to redefine how technology aligns with and communicates its contribution to organizational success.

This Article at a Glance

Expanding on my earlier insights, this article explores:

  • Bridging the Gap: How feedback led me to revise our division’s mission, vision, and purpose to better align with business objectives.
  • Operational Efficiency vs. Value Realization: Balancing delivery speed with measurable outcomes is essential.
  • Embedding Outcomes Into Workflow: Practical steps for tying engineering work to organizational strategy and customer impact.
  • The Power of Language: Technology leaders must articulate the value of technical investments and technical debt in business-focused terms that align with priorities and resonate with key stakeholders.
  • A Call to Action: How technology teams can move from being seen as cost centers to strategic partners.

Engineering’s Philosophy: Code Is Not the Product

At the heart of our transformation lies a guiding philosophy: “Code is not the product. The value it brings is the product.”

This philosophy reshaped how we approach our work, from mission to execution. Our approach centers on two pillars:

  1. Flow: Improving the efficiency and quality of how work moves through teams and systems.
  2. Value Realization: Identifying and measuring the actual business and customer results of completed work.

Balancing these two pillars ensures that we deliver efficiently and create meaningful results.

Speaking the Language of Business

One of the greatest challenges for technology leaders is translating technical initiatives into terms the business understands. This communication requires reframing technical concepts—like reducing technical debt or implementing refactoring—regarding their impact on business outcomes. For example:

  • Instead of, “We need to address technical debt,” explain, “This initiative will reduce downtime risk and enable us to deliver features 30% faster.”
  • Rather than saying, “We’re optimizing the architecture,” highlight, “This change will scale our platform to support twice as many customers next year.”

Engineering becomes part of the strategic conversation by framing technical work regarding customer retention, revenue growth, or operational efficiency. By quantifying the return on investment (ROI) of addressing technical debt—such as projecting a 30% increase in delivery speed—we can demonstrate how these investments contribute to revenue growth and operational efficiency. This approach bridges the gap between technical efforts and business priorities, ensuring that engineering is seen as a strategic partner, not just a cost center.

Embedding Outcomes Into Engineering Work

Integrating expected outcomes into the team’s work and requiring every Epic to define a specific anticipated outcome helps bridge the divide between effort and impact. This approach ensures teams fully grasp the “why” behind their work and understand its alignment with organizational objectives. For each Epic, teams are encouraged to define the anticipated outcome and to consider key questions such as:

  • What problem are we solving?
  • What results do we expect, and how will we measure them?
  • What metrics define success?
  • How will we learn from the outcomes?

This clarity fosters accountability, focus, and a shift from delivering tasks to achieving meaningful results. By integrating Value Stream Management principles and the product operating model, we create a clear connection between technical initiatives and their business impact, aligning teams at every level.

OKRs further strengthen this alignment by linking engineering work to measurable outcomes. Team-level OKRs focus on delivering customer value while connecting day-to-day tasks to broader organizational goals. Embedding Outcomes in Epics and OKRs transforms engineering from a cost center to a strategic partner, demonstrating how every contribution drives customer impact and business success.

Every outcome or team-level OKR must have a clear owner—someone accountable for bringing the objective to the team, ensuring alignment, and seeing it through to completion. This owner, whether a Product Manager, technical lead, or another designated team member, is the point person for driving the initiative forward. They are responsible for defining the outcome and collaborating with the team to ensure it is achievable, measurable, and tied to organizational goals.

An accountable owner ensures that outcomes are not vague concepts but actionable goals with clear responsibility. This ownership fosters clarity, prevents ambiguity, and strengthens accountability within the team. For example, a Product Manager might own a customer-facing feature’s outcome, ensuring it improves user engagement by 15%, while a technical lead might own the outcome of reducing system downtime by 20%.

By assigning ownership, teams can better prioritize their efforts, align around shared goals, and deliver outcomes that matter. Ownership also reinforces the importance of closing the loop—documenting actual outcomes and reflecting on whether the objectives were achieved—ensuring a culture of accountability and continuous improvement.

Minimizing Layoffs and Rethinking Team Design

One of my long-term goals is to minimize layoffs as a cost-cutting measure by demonstrating the business value of engineering teams. Too often, layoffs are driven by salary costs, ignoring these teams’ contributions to revenue growth, customer retention, and operational efficiency.

Preventing layoffs begins with how we build and structure teams. Instead of defaulting to large, reactive hiring sprees, we can:

  1. Prioritize Outcomes Over Outputs: Build teams around clearly defined goals, ensuring their work aligns with business priorities.
  2. Right-Size Teams: Hire based on strategic needs, avoiding unnecessary headcount that creates inefficiencies.
  3. Focus on Sustainability: Scale deliberately, ensuring that teams are resilient, efficient, and aligned with organizational goals.

By calculating the cost of cross-functional teams and tying their contributions to measurable results, leaders can demonstrate the return on investment (ROI) of engineering investments. For instance, hiring two additional backend engineers and one data analyst might cost $X but could reduce customer onboarding time by 25%, leading to a 15% increase in customer retention—an outcome directly tied to the organization’s revenue growth.

A Commitment to Innovation

While this article focuses on aligning engineering with business outcomes, innovation remains a critical priority. Initiatives like “20% time” provide space for exploration and creativity, fostering long-term resilience and growth. Balancing immediate business needs with future-focused innovation is essential for staying competitive in a rapidly changing market.

A Call to Action

The feedback I received this year reminded me that technology leadership isn’t just about technical and operational excellence—it’s about driving measurable business results. Moving forward, I’m committed to linking technology investments to business results through:

  1. Embedding outcomes into every level of work, from Epics to team-level OKRs.
  2. Communicating engineering efforts regarding anticipated business outcomes and business impact using clear, relatable language.
  3. Balancing operational efficiency with value realization, ensuring every initiative contributes to organizational goals.

This journey is about more than improving delivery; it’s about ensuring that every line of Code, every feature, and every initiative creates value for customers and drives business success. By embracing this mindset, we can transform engineering from a cost center into a strategic partner, proving that our work is essential to organizational growth and resilience.

Next in the Series

In the final article of this series, we’ll move from leadership insights to practical guidance on escaping the ‘build trap’ and creating meaningful outcomes for your team. Read Now →

Poking Holes

I invite your perspective on my posts. What are your thoughts?.

Let’s talk: [email protected]

Engineering’s Business Value: From Black Box to Clarity

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6 min read

This post is the first installment of my three-part series on connecting technology to business outcomes. In this foundational article, I delve into how organizations can redefine the value of software engineering by aligning technical efforts with measurable business results and customer impact.

Introduction

As a software engineer and technology leader with 25 years of experience spanning both waterfall and agile eras, I’ve heard the same refrain: “Technology is a cost center.” I’ve participated in reduction-in-force initiatives, stacked ranking exercises, and engineering team cuts—all driven by this persistent mindset. This experience has shaped my mission today: fundamentally changing how organizations view technology investments by directly linking our work to business and customer outcomes.

The Problem to Solve

The fundamental challenge in technology leadership has remained constant through every era: how do we effectively link and communicate the ROI of our engineering investments? This challenge can be addressed as organizations shift to a product operating model and embrace Value Stream Management (VSM). These frameworks focus on aligning work with value streams that deliver measurable business and customer outcomes, ensuring that engineering efforts are tied directly to strategic priorities.

Technology roles, commanding some of the highest salaries in modern organizations, often become prime targets for cost reduction initiatives. The math seems simple on paper—reducing engineering headcount produces an immediate, significant impact on the bottom line. Yet calculating true costs and ROI becomes complex when team members are shared across multiple initiatives. Modern organizations are solving this through intentional team design: implementing stable, cross-functional teams with dedicated software engineers and selective sharing of specialized roles like Product Managers and Agile Leaders across a limited number of teams. By moving work to teams rather than moving people between teams, organizations can more accurately track costs, measure value delivery, and demonstrate ROI at the team and value stream or product level.

For many senior leaders, the world of digital products, systems, and software engineering can feel like an entirely foreign language—and for good reason. Despite its critical role, technology efficiency and performance are often treated as a “black box” within organizations. Meanwhile, departments like Marketing, Sales, and Product consistently align their efforts with measurable business outcomes.

This disconnect creates a significant gap in organizational insight and decision-making. Are we employing the right number of engineers within our budget? Are we simply hiring engineers without a clear plan for assigning work? By adopting smarter hiring and capacity management practices, we can minimize unnecessary overhead and avoid layoffs caused by poor resource planning. The key to closing this gap lies in establishing frameworks and improving visibility to clearly articulate the tangible value technology brings to the business. It all starts with defining clear, measurable outcomes.

Operational Efficiency, Realization, and Alignment

Until new solutions emerge, technology success stems from excelling in two core areas, seamlessly linked through strategic alignment.

  1. Flow: Operational efficiency in delivering value, from ideation to implementation
  2. Realization: Measurable business impact of technology initiatives

Well-structured OKRs bridge these areas by translating organizational strategy into team-level objectives, ensuring every technical effort connects directly to business outcomes.

Flow: Modern tools and practices have revolutionized measuring and improving performance. Agile methodologies, Team Topologies, DevOps strategies, value stream management, and advanced analytics now offer insights into operational workflows and delivery efficiency.  

Realization: Modern tracking and measurement tools empower teams to gather, organize, and analyze meaningful data, even when results take months or longer. The insights provided by these technologies “close the loop” by clearly connecting technical efforts to tangible business outcomes. Even when the results fall short of expectations, these insights empower teams to reflect, refine, or pivot their approach entirely.

Team alignment: Product Operating Model and OKRs

The shift to a product operating model is fundamental to linking engineering efforts to business outcomes. Organizations enable teams to own changes throughout the product lifecycle by aligning teams around products instead of projects. This ownership fosters expertise, accountability, and a long-term focus on delivering customer value. Unlike the traditional project-based approach, which often prioritizes short-term deliverables, the product model supports continuous improvement and meaningful outcomes over time.

OKRs are a powerful tool for bridging the gap between technology investments and business outcomes. When crafted effectively, OKRs should reflect your team’s primary responsibilities and stay within their span of control, ensuring alignment with the organization’s broader goals. This approach keeps everyone focused on the same mission while linking team efforts to delivering real customer value.

By creating a clear line of sight between your team’s work, customer value, and measurable business outcomes, OKRs provide a roadmap for demonstrating the tangible impact of technology investments. They turn abstract efforts into visible results, demystifying the role of engineering in driving success.

Start with Outcomes

Success in technology is often misunderstood. While delivering stories, releasing epics, or launching products signify progress, they fail to guarantee success. True success lies in whether the work delivered creates valuable outcomes. Even when outcomes fall short of expectations, success can be found in the insights gained—insights that help teams refine their approach and uncover overlooked factors. This shift in defining success is crucial for demonstrating technology’s business value.

Product managers are responsible for defining and measuring feature outcomes, while technical team members are accountable for articulating the anticipated results of addressing technical debt. This dual ownership ensures that both business features and technical investments are tied to measurable outcomes. When technical teams can link technical debt to specific business impacts, these investments transform from mysterious “maintenance work” into strategic initiatives with clear business value.

Alignment and Purpose

Starting with anticipated outcomes enables teams to develop meaningful OKRs that cascade from organizational strategy. By first defining the expected impact of their work, teams can craft team-level OKRs that naturally align with broader strategic objectives. This outcome-first approach ensures that every epic and initiative has a clearly defined, customer-centric goal and connects directly to the organization’s strategic direction. This approach prevents the common anti-pattern from creating OKRs, focusing solely on output rather than meaningful results.

By documenting both anticipated and actual outcomes at the epic level, teams can:

  • Track how their work contributes to business results over time
  • Make data-driven decisions about resource allocation
  • Better prioritize work based on expected impact
  • Build a straightforward narrative around technology investments
  • Bridge the communication gap between technical and business stakeholders
  • Leverage modern tools to provide visibility into both efficiency and impact

ROI for Engineering Teams

By evaluating the return on investment (ROI) of our cross-functional teams—comparing development costs with the financial benefits of improved features or business outcomes—we can make smarter decisions about resource allocation while showcasing the measurable impact of our engineering efforts.

Summary

It’s time to demystify technology’s role in business success. By adopting an outcome-based approach, defining actionable OKRs, and framing decisions regarding business value, we enable technology to drive growth. These practices don’t just justify investments—they link technology investments to business results and create a roadmap for long-term success.

This mission is personal to me: to reshape how organizations perceive technology—from a cost center to a catalyst for innovation, growth, and customer satisfaction. This transformation demands connecting technical decisions, code, and architectural choices to measurable outcomes. When we align technology with clear business and customer value, we not only bridge the gap between investment and impact—we close it entirely.

Next in the series

In the next article, I’ll share how a personal leadership epiphany can transform our engineering organization from a cost center into a strategic partner, with practical insights for driving business results. Read Now →

Poking Holes

I invite your perspective on my posts. What are your thoughts?.

Let’s talk: [email protected]

Profitable Engineering: Linking Software Engineering to Business Results

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3 min read

From Code to Impact: A Leadership Series on Linking Software to Business Success

In late 2024, a 360-degree leadership assessment brought candid feedback from an executive peer outside the tech sphere that hit hard: “Focus more on driving business results.” After years of leading digital transformation—scaling our organization from $10 million to $110 million in revenue through changes in culture, team design, architecture, and modern practices like Agile, DevOps, and VSM—it became clear that we hadn’t effectively articulated how our technology initiatives contributed to the company’s bottom line. This series is my response—a thoughtful exploration of aligning engineering efforts with measurable outcomes and turning technology into a powerful engine for business success.

My goal is to change how organizations view technology investments by showing a clear connection between our work and business or customer outcomes. In this three-part series, I draw from 25 years of experience in software engineering and technology leadership, where I’ve often seen technology labeled as just a cost center. These articles aim to provide practical insights and strategies to shift this perspective, highlighting how technology can drive innovation, growth, and customer satisfaction. By adopting modern practices, a product-driven operating model, and data-driven insights, we can create engaged teams that act as business partners rather than cost centers, delivering value more effectively.

This series is for technology leaders, Product Managers, and anyone looking to align engineering with organizational goals. We’ll cover how to clearly show the value of technology, integrate outcomes into workflows, and connect technical work to business success.

This series offers a comprehensive guide to aligning software engineering with business success, balancing foundational concepts with leadership insights and practical steps for transformation. Each article can stand alone but builds on the others—starting with the basics of technology’s role in business, advancing to leadership strategies for driving outcomes and concluding with actionable steps to empower teams. The intentional overlap reinforces key ideas, while the progression delivers a cohesive, engaging narrative that equips readers to drive meaningful change.

Series Summaries

1. Engineering’s Business Value: From Black Box to Clarity

This foundational article addresses the challenge of linking engineering efforts to business outcomes. It introduces shifting to a product operating model and Value Stream Management (VSM) as frameworks to align technical work with strategic priorities. The emphasis is on defining clear, measurable outcomes to articulate the tangible value technology brings to the business.
Read More →

2. Transforming Engineering: From Cost Center to Strategic Partner

This article builds on the first article and delves into the evolution of engineering roles within organizations. It reflects on leadership experiences and the importance of balancing operational efficiency with value realization. The article discusses embedding outcomes into workflows and the necessity for technology leaders to communicate the value of technical investments in business terms.
Read More →

3. Breaking Free from the Build Trap: Delivering Meaningful Outcomes

The final article focuses on moving beyond a feature factory mindset by concentrating on outcomes rather than outputs. It highlights the pitfalls of the build trap and underscores the value of starting with outcomes, fostering accountability, and ensuring successful delivery. The piece challenges technology leaders and teams to adopt a mindset centered on meaningful outcomes that drive engagement and impactful business results.
Read More →

This series encourages you to rethink your approach and join me in this transformation journey. Feel free to share your thoughts, experiences, or perspectives. I’m always up for a great conversation!

Crossroads 2024: Reflections on Leadership, Legacy, and Modern Practices

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5 min read

Preface: Defining the Last Chapter

As a software engineer and leader who has experienced two distinct eras of software delivery, I’ve witnessed the transformative power of today’s practices. Modern approaches to team design, architecture, and processes drive fast flow, delivering value faster and out-innovating the competition.

Now, I find myself where my leaders once stood—in the latter part of my career. My mentors have challenged me to reflect on how I want to spend these remaining years, placing me at a pivotal crossroads. Recently, my organization was acquired by a larger global enterprise—a familiar environment from my past experiences, with its inherent expectations and complexities.

During an interview for a national publication, I was asked a question that resonated deeply: “What is your role now?” The interviewer noted that my website suggested I might be a consultant. I thrive as a VP of Technology or Head of Software Engineering, where I influence transformation, inspire teams, and design systems that deliver exceptional results. The role allows me to lead with impact, foster innovation, and continuously learn and experiment.

As I approach the final chapter of my career, I ask myself: How do I want to spend these years? Where can I make the most significant impact? This reflection is not about uncertainty—it’s about clarity of purpose. My mission remains steadfast: to inspire leaders, empower teams, and leave a legacy that champions modern practices, continuous learning, and the art of the possible.

The Journey: Transforming Leadership and Leaving a Legacy in Modern Practices

I began my career as a software engineer, driven by a love for problem-solving and building creative solutions through software code. While I still value those things, my focus has evolved toward technical leadership—specifically, helping senior leaders create environments where technologists can thrive and deliver exceptional results.

This journey has been shaped by personal experiences and remarkable technological advancements that have redefined how we work. Cloud computing has dramatically lowered barriers to experimentation and innovation, enabling teams to deliver solutions at unprecedented speeds. Methodologies such as Agile, Lean, DevOps, and Value Stream Management have unlocked new possibilities for collaboration and delivery. Advancements in architecture and cloud technology, along with modern team design, have made these changes both practical and impactful. These innovations have inspired me and driven this mission forward.

My journey has sometimes been challenging. In 2018, I realized that my mindset, rooted in past ways and successes, clashed with the future we were trying to build. A manager on my team encouraged me to read books and articles, while a peer suggested foundational works like The Phoenix Project. Meanwhile, an Agile leader pointed out that some of my outdated habits—like calling team members “resources” or moving individuals between teams—were disrupting the stability and collaboration essential for cross-functional success.

Their feedback and reflections brought me to an important realization: to thrive in current practices, I needed to unlearn outdated methodologies, adopt a growth mindset, and incorporate experimentation as a fundamental aspect of leadership. Recognizing the need to move beyond past expertise, I committed to continuous learning and re-evaluating my approach to leadership and competitiveness in today’s software delivery landscape.

At the core of this transformation is culture. A strong culture precedes processes, tools, and methodologies. It places people at the center of an organization’s purpose. Teams can achieve extraordinary outcomes by fostering trust, ensuring psychological safety and a sense of purpose, and encouraging diverse perspectives.

As seasoned leaders, we must temper our egos, challenge our viewpoints, and remain open to new opportunities. Leadership isn’t about perfection; it’s about progress, building trust, and empowering teams to thrive.

Exploring the Potential of AI

Like many others, I am invested in understanding how AI transforms our world. Generative AI tools empower developers to work more efficiently, solve problems faster, and explore creative solutions. At the same time, these advancements present challenges as we adapt our governance, understanding, processes, and cultures to leverage AI’s potential.

AI is still in its early stages, but it is important to adopt it thoughtfully and be “the human in the loop” in the process. I see AI as a tool that complements modern leadership, opening up new opportunities for innovation and engagement. It has the potential to boost productivity, empower teams, and reshape how we deliver value, which motivates me to continue exploring its possibilities.

Today’s Goal: Value and Fast Flow

Pushing boundaries is essential to achieving fast flow and delivering value. However, managing “knowledge work” presents unique challenges. In most cases, we rely on predictions—our best guesses—about outcomes and timelines, often navigating unknowns in new requests. Leaders expect accuracy, yet the reality of uncertainty demands adaptability.

Over my career, I’ve witnessed how great teams operate and how leadership can either drive or derail success. I bring this experience to organizations, helping them deliver value faster, safer, and more effectively by aligning modern practices and tools with their specific contexts.

  • What: Deliver value through fast flow by integrating processes, frameworks, and technology tailored to the organization’s needs.
  • How: Leverage practices and frameworks that enable faster feedback, reduce risks, and minimize wasted efforts. By implementing a mix of culture, team design, architecture, Agile, Lean, DevOps, Value Stream Management, and modern infrastructure, organizations can pivot quickly and respond to real-time feedback—staying on course, adjusting direction, or halting when necessary.
  • Measure Success: Use outcome and flow metrics to drive continuous feedback and improvement, ensuring every step adds value and minimizes uncertainty.

Mission: Building Teams, Empowering Leaders, and Delivering Impact

Having led teams through two distinct software delivery eras, I’ve never been more passionate about my role than I am now. Our industry’s changing tools and practices have expanded what’s possible, inspiring me to build teams and organizations that set new standards.

My mission is simple: to deliver the right digital products quickly, securely, and efficiently while fostering a culture of innovation and engagement. I aim to meaningfully impact teams, organizations, and customers, helping them achieve exceptional outcomes through modern practices, a product operating model, and data-driven insights.

High-performing teams prioritize based on expected outcomes, driving efficiency while maintaining a strong sense of purpose. This alignment enhances engagement, ensuring a greater impact for every dollar invested.

Conclusion

I will honor those who influenced and inspired me if I can continue to help even one senior leader, organization, team, or individual create thriving environments, rethink leadership, or achieve better outcomes.